Mouth Position | ||||||||||
Close | Near Close | Close Mid | Mid | Open Mid | Near Open | Open | ||||
Tongue Position | Front | 1 beat | [ɪ]1 bit | [e]**2 | [ɛ]2 bet | [æ] bat | [a]** | |||
Central | [ə]3 above | |||||||||
Back | * food | [ʊ] put, good | [o]*4 poke | [ʌ]3, [ɔ]* cut, talk | [ɑ]5 not, father | |||||
Diphthongs | [aɪ] fight | [ɔɪ] coin | [aʊ] now | [eɪ] bake | ||||||
With r | [ər]6 butter | [ɑr] start | [ɛr] fair | [ɪr] near | [ɔr] north | [ʊr] tour, cure |
Voiceless | Voiced | Voiceless | Voiced | Voiceless | Voiced |
[p]2 pen | web | [f] off, photo | [v] of, have | [tʃ]2 church | [dʒ] joy, edge |
[t]2 two, bet | [d] do, odd | see, city | [z] zoo, rose | [θ] thing, teeth | [ð] this, father |
[k]2 cat, queen | [ɡ] go, get | [ʃ] she, sure | [ʒ] pleasure, beige | ||
Other Consonants | Tip: If you put your hand in front of your mouth, you should feel more air when saying voiceless sounds than when saying voiced sounds. Also, voiced sounds will vibrate in the throat and voiceless will not. | ||||
Nasal | Semi-vowels | ||||
[m] mike, lamb | [l]1 left, bell | [w] we, queen | |||
[n] no, tin | [r] run, very | [h] ham | |||
[ŋ] sing, drink | [j] yes |
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