Amerian Vowels IPA

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Vowels IPA

		Mouth    Position
		Close	Near Close	Close Mid	Mid	Open Mid		Near    Open	Open
Tongue    Position	Front	1           beat	[ɪ]1         bit	[e]**2		[ɛ]2         bet		[æ]         bat	[a]**
	Central				[ə]3         above
	Back	*           food	[ʊ]         put, good	[o]*4         poke		[ʌ]3, [ɔ]*         cut, talk			[ɑ]5         not, father
Diphthongs		[aɪ]           fight	[ɔɪ]           coin	[aʊ]           now	[eɪ]           bake
With    r		[ər]6           butter	[ɑr]           start	[ɛr]           fair	[ɪr]           near		[ɔr]           north	[ʊr]           tour, cure

Notes:
      * starred are Rounded Vowels  (rounding the lips).
  ** not used in American English by itself.

• In British English and [ɪ] were written as [iː] and respectively.  Now in the 14th Edition it is written as [iː] and [ɪ] repectively. The sound will confuse most  students changing from British IPA to American IPA.
• [ɛ] for British English will look like [e]. It is incorrect but accepted.
• [ə] and [ʌ] are technically the same sound. Most will say the difference is  that [ʌ] is for stressed syllables and [ə] is for unstressed syllables.
• [o] for British English will look like the diphthong [əʊ].
• British English will make a distinction between [ɑ] and [ɒ]. They use [ɑ]  for father and [ɒ] for not.
• [ər] and [ɜr] are extremely similar. Typically [ər]  is used exclusively in most dictionaries.
  

American Consonants IPA

Voiceless	Voiced	Voiceless	Voiced	Voiceless	Voiced
[p]2           pen	web	[f]         off, photo	[v]         of, have	[tʃ]2         church	[dʒ]         joy, edge
[t]2           two, bet	[d]         do, odd	see, city	[z]         zoo, rose	[θ]         thing, teeth	[ð]         this, father
[k]2           cat, queen	[ɡ]         go, get	[ʃ]         she, sure	[ʒ]         pleasure,    beige
Other Consonants			Tip: If you put your hand in front of your mouth, you    should feel more air when saying voiceless sounds than when saying voiced    sounds. Also, voiced sounds will vibrate in the throat and voiceless will    not.
Nasal	Semi-vowels
[m]           mike, lamb	[l]1           left, bell	[w]           we, queen
[n]           no, tin	[r]           run, very	[h]           ham
[ŋ]           sing, drink		[j]           yes

Notes:

• [l] will  sometimes look like [əl] at the end of a word.
• [p], [t], [k],  [tʃ] will sometimes be written as [ph], [th], [kh],  [tʃh] to show that the consonant ends with the [h] sound.
  

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